---
title: Select the response that is consistent with the established facts co… — Soil and what lives in it · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the cause of soil erosion. Exam question 4 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was
---

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# Exam question 4 · Soil and what lives in it

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the cause of soil erosion.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, response, established facts · **What happens:** select, be, establish, concern, cause · **To what, where:** response, cause, soil erosion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:e4:1
# text = Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the cause of soil erosion.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the response |  |  |  |  | with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the cause of soil erosion |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus cause=Experiencer |
| 5 | **cause** |  |  | soil erosion |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Earthworm tunnels cause the soil to collapse

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:e4:o1:1
# text = Earthworm tunnels cause the soil to collapse
1	Earthworm	earthworm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cause	cause	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	collapse	collapse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Earthworm tunnels | the soil |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition soil=Patient |
| 2 | **collapse** | to-infinitive | Earthworm tunnels *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humus causes the soil to dissolve in rain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:e4:o2:1
# text = Humus causes the soil to dissolve in rain
1	Humus	humus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	dissolve	dissolve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Humus | the soil |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition soil=Patient |
| 2 | **dissolve** | to-infinitive | Humus *not said here* |  |  | rain |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bare soil without roots is readily washed or blown away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:e4:o3:1
# text = Bare soil without roots is readily washed or blown away
1	Bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	readily	readily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	blown	blow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | present · passive |  | Bare soil without roots |  |  |  | readily *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **blow away** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plant roots loosen the soil and carry it off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:e4:o4:1
# text = Plant roots loosen the soil and carry it off
1	Plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	loosen	loosen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **loosen** | present | Plant roots | the soil |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent soil=Patient |
| 2 | **carry off** | present | Plant roots *not said here* | soil |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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