---
title: our garden's clay and it stays soggy for ages, why — Soil and what lives in it · tree and pragmatics
description: our garden's clay and it stays soggy for ages, why Test 10 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · Soil and what lives in it

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
our garden's clay and it stays soggy for ages, why

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** clay · **What happens:** stay

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t10:1
# text = our garden's clay and it stays soggy for ages, why
1	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	soggy	soggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | our garden's clay |  |  |  | for ages | soggy *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay soil is always below freezing in winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t10:o1:1
# text = Clay soil is always below freezing in winter
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
5	below	below	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	freezing	freezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Clay soil |  |  | freezing | winter | always *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay soil has no air in it at all, only water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t10:o2:1
# text = Clay soil has no air in it at all, only water
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Clay soil | no air and water |  | it |  | at all | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay soil holds water and drains slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t10:o3:1
# text = Clay soil holds water and drains slowly
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	drains	drain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | Clay soil | water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 2 | **drain** | present | Clay soil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay soil soaks up rain straight from the air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t10:o4:1
# text = Clay soil soaks up rain straight from the air
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	soaks	soak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak up** | present | Clay soil | rain |  | the air |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent rain=Theme from air=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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