---
title: my sister says soil is just crushed up rock and nothing else. right? — Soil and what lives in it · tree and pragmatics
description: my sister says soil is just crushed up rock and nothing else. right? Test 11 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 11 · Soil and what lives in it

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my sister says soil is just crushed up rock and nothing else. right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** sister, soil · **What happens:** say, crush up, be · **To what, where:** crushed rock · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t11:1
# text = my sister says soil is just crushed up rock and nothing else. right?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	conj	_	_
12	else	else	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
14	right	right	ADV	RB	_	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my sister |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **crush up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | soil | crushed rock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, soil is only broken rock and nothing more

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t11:o1:1
# text = Yes, soil is only broken rock and nothing more
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	conj	_	_
10	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | soil | broken rock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, soil also has humus, water, air and living things

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t11:o2:1
# text = No, soil also has humus, water, air and living things
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	humus	humus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | soil | humus and water and air and living things |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent humus=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only the soil under the topsoil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t11:o3:1
# text = Yes, but only the soil under the topsoil
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	topsoil	topsoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, soil is mostly made of old leaves only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it:t11:o4:1
# text = No, soil is mostly made of old leaves only
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | soil |  |  |  | of old leaves; mostly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Soil and what lives in it, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/t10/)
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- ↑ back to [Soil and what lives in it](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/)