---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a gl… — Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a glacier? Exam question 1 of lesson 65 «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a glacier?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** glacier

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 65 «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a glacier?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	glacier	glacier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a glacier |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A floating sheet of frozen sea water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands:e1:o1:1
# text = A floating sheet of frozen sea water
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A large mass of ice moving slowly downhill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands:e1:o2:1
# text = A large mass of ice moving slowly downhill
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund | a large mass of ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | downhill, slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A deep valley flooded by the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands:e1:o3:1
# text = A deep valley flooded by the sea
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	flooded	flood	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flood** | participle |  | a deep valley *not said here* |  |  |  | by the sea | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lake which freezes each winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands:e1:o4:1
# text = A lake which freezes each winter
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	freezes	freeze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present | a lake |  |  |  | winter |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/t13/)
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