--- title: Ascertain the principal reason for which hot deserts become very col… — Deserts, rainforests and grasslands · tree and pragmatics description: Ascertain the principal reason for which hot deserts become very cold at night. Exam question 3 of lesson 66 «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Deserts, rainforests and grasslands Ascertain the principal reason for which hot deserts become very cold at night. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, hot deserts · **What happens:** ascertain, become · **To what, where:** principal reason This is exam question 3 of lesson 66 «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/#e3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands:e3:1 # text = Ascertain the principal reason for which hot deserts become very cold at night. 1 Ascertain ascertain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 obl _ _ 7 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 deserts desert NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 become become VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 10 very very ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 xcomp _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic | | 2 | **become** | present | hot deserts | | | | | for the principal reason; cold *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} Sand absorbs heat from the air at night ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands:e3:o1:1 # text = Sand absorbs heat from the air at night 1 Sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 absorbs absorb VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **absorb** | present | Sand | heat | | the air | night | | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Goal heat=Theme from air=Source | ### Option 2 {#o2} The wind brings snow from the mountains ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands:e3:o2:1 # text = The wind brings snow from the mountains 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 brings bring VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bring** | present | the wind | snow | | the mountains | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent snow=Theme from mountain=Initial\_Location | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} Dry clear air permits heat to escape ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands:e3:o3:1 # text = Dry clear air permits heat to escape 1 Dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 2 clear clear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 3 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 permits permit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 heat heat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 escape escape VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **heat** | present | Dry clear air permits | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **escape** | to-infinitive | Dry clear air permits *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} The Moon draws away the day's warmth ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands:e3:o4:1 # text = The Moon draws away the day's warmth 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Moon Moon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 draws draw VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 away away ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case _ _ 8 warmth warmth NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **draw away** | present | the Moon | the day's warmth | | | | away *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warmth=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/e2/) - next →: [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/e4/) - ↑ back to [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/)