---
title: Leo says lightning never strikes the same spot twice. true? — Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes… · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo says lightning never strikes the same spot twice. true? Test 12 · ★ of lesson 68 «Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and tornadoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 12 · ★ · Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and tornadoes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo says lightning never strikes the same spot twice. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Leo, lightning · **What happens:** say, not strike · **To what, where:** same spot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 68 «Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and tornadoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:68-storms-and-wild-winds:t12:1
# text = Leo says lightning never strikes the same spot twice. true?
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	strikes	strike	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
11	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Leo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **strike** | present | lightning | the same spot |  |  |  | twice *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, lightning only ever strikes the ground once a year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:68-storms-and-wild-winds:t12:o1:1
# text = No, lightning only ever strikes the ground once a year
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
6	strikes	strike	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | present | lightning | the ground |  |  | ever | once *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only if the place was a tall tree

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:68-storms-and-wild-winds:t12:o2:1
# text = Yes, but only if the place was a tall tree
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the place | a tall tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, once struck, a place is safe for good

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:68-storms-and-wild-winds:t12:o3:1
# text = Yes, once struck, a place is safe for good
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	advmod	_	_
4	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | a place |  |  |  |  | for good; safe *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it can strike the same place many times, mostly tall things

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:68-storms-and-wild-winds:t12:o4:1
# text = No, it can strike the same place many times, mostly tall things
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	strike	strike	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | can | it | the same place |  |  | time | tall things *obl* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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