---
title: Ava says a shooting star is a star falling down. true? — Stars, planets and constellations in t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ava says a shooting star is a star falling down. true? Test 12 of lesson 70 «Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 12 · Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ava says a shooting star is a star falling down. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Ava, shooting star, star · **What happens:** say, be, fall down · **To what, where:** star · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 of lesson 70 «Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/70-the-night-sky/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:70-the-night-sky:t12:1
# text = Ava says a shooting star is a star falling down. true?
1	Ava	Ava	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	shooting	shooting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
9	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	down	down	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
12	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Ava |  |  |  |  | true *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a shooting star | a star |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fall down** | gerund | a star *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, it is a small star dropping out of the sky

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:70-the-night-sky:t12:o1:1
# text = Yes, it is a small star dropping out of the sky
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	dropping	drop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | a small star |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drop out** | gerund | a small star *not said here* | the sky |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it is a speck of space rock burning up in the air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:70-the-night-sky:t12:o2:1
# text = No, it is a speck of space rock burning up in the air
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	speck	speck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | a speck |  |  |  | of space rock | tree rules |
| 2 | **burn up** | gerund | a speck *not said here* |  |  | the air |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it is a planet moving very fast

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:70-the-night-sky:t12:o3:1
# text = No, it is a planet moving very fast
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | it | a planet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | gerund | a planet *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but it burns out before it reaches us

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:70-the-night-sky:t12:o4:1
# text = Yes, but it burns out before it reaches us
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	burns	burn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	reaches	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn out** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **reach** | present | it | us |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent we=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Stars, planets and constellations in t…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/70-the-night-sky/t11/)
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