---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Birds: feathers, nests and flight · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the material of which feathers are composed? Exam question 1 of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Exam question 1 · Birds: feathers, nests and flight

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the material of which feathers are composed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, compose · **To what, where:** material, feathers

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the material of which feathers are composed?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
13	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the material |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **compose** | present · passive |  | feathers |  |  |  | of the material | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chitin, the same material as insect shells

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:e1:o1:1
# text = Chitin, the same material as insect shells
1	Chitin	Chitin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bone, the same hard material as the rest of the skeleton

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:e1:o2:1
# text = Bone, the same hard material as the rest of the skeleton
1	Bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keratin, the same material as hair and nails

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:e1:o3:1
# text = Keratin, the same material as hair and nails
1	Keratin	Keratin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cartilage, the same material as the ears

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:e1:o4:1
# text = Cartilage, the same material as the ears
1	Cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Birds: feathers, nests and flight, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t13/)
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