---
title: Which is true about birds and dinosaurs? — Birds: feathers, nests and flight · tree and pragmatics
description: Which is true about birds and dinosaurs? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · Birds: feathers, nests and flight

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which is true about birds and dinosaurs?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:t9:1
# text = Which is true about birds and dinosaurs?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about birds and dinosaurs; true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs came from birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:t9:o1:1
# text = Dinosaurs came from birds
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Dinosaurs |  |  |  |  | from birds | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from bird=Initial\_Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds are living descendants of dinosaurs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:t9:o2:1
# text = Birds are living descendants of dinosaurs
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	descendants	descendant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Birds | living descendants |  |  |  | of dinosaurs | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds and dinosaurs were never related

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:t9:o3:1
# text = Birds and dinosaurs were never related
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | Birds and dinosaurs |  |  |  |  | related *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All dinosaurs could fly, just like the birds today

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:73-birds-feathers-nests-flight:t9:o4:1
# text = All dinosaurs could fly, just like the birds today
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
10	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | could | all dinosaurs |  |  |  | today |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Birds: feathers, nests and flight, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t8/)
- next →: [Birds: feathers, nests and flight, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t10/)
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