---
title: Identify the function of the swim bladder of a fish. — Fish, frogs and reptiles · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the function of the swim bladder of a fish. Exam question 2 of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Fish, frogs and reptiles

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the function of the swim bladder of a fish.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** function

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:e2:1
# text = Identify the function of the swim bladder of a fish.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	swim	swim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bladder	bladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the function of the swim bladder of a fish |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It permits the fish to float at one depth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:e2:o1:1
# text = It permits the fish to float at one depth
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	permits	permit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	float	float	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	depth	depth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | present | It | the fish |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |
| 2 | **float** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | one depth |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at depth=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It enables the fish to breathe air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:e2:o2:1
# text = It enables the fish to breathe air
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	enables	enable	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | present | It | the fish |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | to-infinitive |  | air |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It enables the fish to digest its food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:e2:o3:1
# text = It enables the fish to digest its food
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	enables	enable	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	digest	digest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | present | It | the fish |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **digest** | to-infinitive |  | fish's food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It permits the fish to sense movements in the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:e2:o4:1
# text = It permits the fish to sense movements in the water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	permits	permit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sense	sense	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | present | It | the fish |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |
| 2 | **sense** | to-infinitive |  | movements |  | the water |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer movement=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Fish, frogs and reptiles, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/e1/)
- next →: [Fish, frogs and reptiles, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/e3/)
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