---
title: A fish in a dark, muddy river swims away before a pike, a big huntin… — Fish, frogs and reptiles · tree and pragmatics
description: A fish in a dark, muddy river swims away before a pike, a big hunting fish, can reach it. How did it sense the pike? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Test 2 · ★ · Fish, frogs and reptiles

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fish in a dark, muddy river swims away before a pike, a big hunting fish, can reach it. How did it sense the pike?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** fish · **What happens:** swim away, reach, sense · **To what, where:** fish, pike

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This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 74 «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/74-fish-frogs-reptiles/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A fish in a dark, muddy river swims away before a pike, a big hunting fish, can reach it.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:1
# text = A fish in a dark, muddy river swims away before a pike, a big hunting fish, can reach it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	swims	swim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim away** | present | a fish in a dark muddy river |  |  |  | before a pike and a big hunting fish | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before pike=Trajectory |
| 2 | **reach** | can | a fish in a dark muddy river *not said here* | fish |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How did it sense the pike?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:2
# text = How did it sense the pike?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sense	sense	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sense** | past · do-support | fish | the pike |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer pike=Stimulus |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It saw the pike clearly even in the dark water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:o1:1
# text = It saw the pike clearly even in the dark water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	clearly	clearly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | It | the pike |  | the dark water |  | clearly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pike=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It smelled the pike's breath as it came closer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:o2:1
# text = It smelled the pike's breath as it came closer
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smelled	smell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | past | It | the pike's breath |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer breath=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | past | breath |  |  |  |  | close *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its lateral line felt the water move

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:o3:1
# text = Its lateral line felt the water move
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lateral	lateral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	move	move	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | Its lateral line | the water move |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent move=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It heard the pike's heartbeat through the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:74-fish-frogs-reptiles:t2:o4:1
# text = It heard the pike's heartbeat through the water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pike	pike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | It | the pike's heartbeat |  | the water |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer heartbeat=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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