---
title: Mia says all mammals have live babies. true? — Mammals and how they care for their yo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mia says all mammals have live babies. true? Test 12 of lesson 75 «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 12 · Mammals and how they care for their young

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mia says all mammals have live babies. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mia, mammals · **What happens:** say, have · **To what, where:** live babies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 of lesson 75 «Mammals and how they care for their young» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/75-mammals-and-their-young/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:75-mammals-and-their-young:t12:1
# text = Mia says all mammals have live babies. true?
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	live	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
9	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Mia |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | all mammals | live babies |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, the platypus and echidnas are mammals that lay eggs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:75-mammals-and-their-young:t12:o1:1
# text = No, the platypus and echidnas are mammals that lay eggs
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	platypus	platypus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	echidnas	echidna	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the platypus and echidnas | mammals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lay** | present | mammals | eggs |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but some of them carry eggs in a pouch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:75-mammals-and-their-young:t12:o2:1
# text = Yes, but some of them carry eggs in a pouch
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pouch	pouch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | some | eggs |  | a pouch |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Value in pouch=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, most mammals lay eggs in nests

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:75-mammals-and-their-young:t12:o3:1
# text = No, most mammals lay eggs in nests
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	amod	_	_
4	mammals	mammal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | most mammals | eggs |  | nests |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, no mammal ever lays an egg

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:75-mammals-and-their-young:t12:o4:1
# text = Yes, no mammal ever lays an egg
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	mammal	mammal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
6	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | no mammal | a egg |  |  | ever |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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