--- title: Ava says pine trees never lose any leaves. true? — Trees and forests through the year · tree and pragmatics description: Ava says pine trees never lose any leaves. true? Test 12 of lesson 76 «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Trees and forests through the year](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/) / t12 # Test 12 · Trees and forests through the year Ava says pine trees never lose any leaves. true? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Ava, pine trees · **What happens:** say, not lose · **To what, where:** leaves · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 12 of lesson 76 «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/#t12). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t12:1 # text = Ava says pine trees never lose any leaves. true? 1 Ava Ava PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 pine pine NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 5 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 7 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 8 det _ _ 8 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ 10 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Ava | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **lose** | present | pine trees | any leaves | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Yes, evergreen needles last for the tree's whole life ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t12:o1:1 # text = Yes, evergreen needles last for the tree's whole life 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 4 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 evergreen evergreen NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 needles needle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 last last VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **last** | present | evergreen needles | | | | | for the tree's whole life | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2} No, pine trees drop all their needles in autumn ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t12:o2:1 # text = No, pine trees drop all their needles in autumn 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 5 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 pine pine NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 drop drop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 8 det:predet _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 needles needle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 autumn autumn NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drop** | present | pine trees | trees's needles | | | autumn | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent needle=Theme | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} No, evergreens lose old needles little by little ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t12:o3:1 # text = No, evergreens lose old needles little by little 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 4 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 evergreens evergreen NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 needles needle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 little little ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present | evergreens | old needles | | | | by little; little *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent needle=Eventuality | ### Option 4 {#o4} Yes, but only if they grow in warm places ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t12:o4:1 # text = Yes, but only if they grow in warm places 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 7 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 3 but but CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 5 if if SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | present | they | | | warm places | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Trees and forests through the year, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t11/) - next →: [Trees and forests through the year, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t13/) - ↑ back to [Trees and forests through the year](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/)