--- title: Which is true about autumn leaves? — Trees and forests through the year · tree and pragmatics description: Which is true about autumn leaves? Test 3 of lesson 76 «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Trees and forests through the year](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/) / t3 # Test 3 · Trees and forests through the year Which is true about autumn leaves? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** be This is test 3 of lesson 76 «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/#t3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t3:1 # text = Which is true about autumn leaves? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 about about ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 autumn autumn NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | about autumn leaves; true *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Their yellow colour was there all summer, hidden by green ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t3:o1:1 # text = Their yellow colour was there all summer, hidden by green 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 yellow yellow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 0 root _ _ 6 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 hidden hide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Their yellow colour | | | | summer | there *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **hide** | participle | Their yellow colour *not said here* | | | | | by green | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by green=Location | ### Option 2 {#o2} They turn red because the sun is closer ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t3:o2:1 # text = They turn red because the sun is closer 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 turn turn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ _ 4 because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 closer close ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 2 advcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | present | They | | | | | red *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | the sun | | | | | close *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 {#o3} They change colour because the trees are dying slowly in the cold ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t3:o3:1 # text = They change colour because the trees are dying slowly in the cold 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 dying die VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 9 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present | They | colour | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | | 2 | **die** | present · progressive | the trees | | | | | in the cold; slowly *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in cold=Attribute | ### Option 4 {#o4} Their colour comes from cold frost ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year:t3:o4:1 # text = Their colour comes from cold frost 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 frost frost NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Their colour | | | cold frost | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from frost=Initial\_Location | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Trees and forests through the year, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t2/) - next →: [Trees and forests through the year, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t4/) - ↑ back to [Trees and forests through the year](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/)