--- title: Leo says all bacteria are bad germs. true? — Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things · tree and pragmatics description: Leo says all bacteria are bad germs. true? Test 12 · ★ of lesson 77 «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/t12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/) / t12 # Test 12 · ★ · Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things Leo says all bacteria are bad germs. true? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Leo, bacteria · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** bad germs · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 77 «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/#t12). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things:t12:1 # text = Leo says all bacteria are bad germs. true? 1 Leo Leo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 4 det _ _ 4 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 germs germ NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 8 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ 9 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Leo | | | | | true *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | all bacteria | bad germs | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Yes, but only the bacteria you can see ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things:t12:o1:1 # text = Yes, but only the bacteria you can see 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 6 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 but but CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 7 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 acl:relcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | can | you | the bacteria *not said here* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bacterium=Stimulus | ### Option 2 {#o2} Yes, every kind of bacteria makes people ill ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things:t12:o2:1 # text = Yes, every kind of bacteria makes people ill 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 7 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 4 det _ _ 4 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 bacteria bacteria NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 9 ill ill ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | every kind of bacteria | people | | | | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product | ### Option 3 {#o3} No, bacteria are only found in dirty water ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things:t12:o3:1 # text = No, bacteria are only found in dirty water 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 6 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 5 only only ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 dirty dirty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **find** | present · passive | | bacteria | | dirty water | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} No, gut bacteria help us digest and bacteria make yogurt and cheese ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things:t12:o4:1 # text = No, gut bacteria help us digest and bacteria make yogurt and cheese 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 5 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 gut gut NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ _ 7 digest digest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 11 yogurt yogurt NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 cheese cheese NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **help** | present | gut bacteria | us | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 2 | **digest** | infinitive | us *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | present | bacteria | yogurt and cheese | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yogurt=Product | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/t11/) - next →: [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/t13/) - ↑ back to [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/)