---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Heat and temperature: how things warm… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the flow of heat between two bodies? Exam question 1 of lesson 82 «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option;
---

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# Exam question 1 · Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the flow of heat between two bodies?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** heat · **What happens:** follow, characteris, flow · **To what, where:** flow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 82 «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/82-heat-and-temperature/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the flow of heat between two bodies?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the flow of heat |  |  |  | of the following statements; between two bodies; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **flow** |  | heat |  |  |  |  | between two bodies | nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent between=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It flows only when both bodies are of metal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:e1:o1:1
# text = It flows only when both bodies are of metal
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | It | both bodies |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **be** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of metal | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It flows from the hotter to the colder until their temperatures are equal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:e1:o2:1
# text = It flows from the hotter to the colder until their temperatures are equal
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	obl	_	_
9	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	temperatures	temperature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | It |  |  | the hotter |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | their temperatures |  |  |  |  | equal *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It flows in both directions in equal amounts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:e1:o3:1
# text = It flows in both directions in equal amounts
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | It |  |  | both directions |  | in equal amounts | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It flows from the colder to the hotter without end

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:e1:o4:1
# text = It flows from the colder to the hotter without end
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	obl	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | It |  |  | the colder |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Heat and temperature: how things warm…, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/82-heat-and-temperature/t13/)
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