---
title: A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar. Holding the lid und… — Heat and temperature: how things warm… · tree and pragmatics
description: A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar. Holding the lid under hot water helps. Why? Test 3 of lesson 82 «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Test 3 · Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar. Holding the lid under hot water helps. Why?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** tight metal lid, Holding · **What happens:** not come off, hold, help · **To what, where:** glass jar, lid, hot water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 82 «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/82-heat-and-temperature/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:1
# text = A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	tight	tight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **come off** | future | a tight metal lid | a glass jar |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Holding the lid under hot water helps.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:2
# text = Holding the lid under hot water helps.
1	Holding	hold	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | the lid |  | hot water |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent lid=Theme under water=Location |
| 2 | **help** | present | Holding |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Why?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:3
# text = Why?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hot water makes the glass soft

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:o1:1
# text = The hot water makes the glass soft
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the hot water | the glass |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glass=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heat melts the glue under the lid

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:o2:1
# text = The heat melts the glue under the lid
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	melts	melt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	glue	glue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | present | the heat | the glue |  | the lid |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient glue=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The glass expands more and pushes the lid

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:o3:1
# text = The glass expands more and pushes the lid
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	expands	expand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | present | the glass |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **push** | present | the glass *not said here* | the lid |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lid=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The metal lid expands and loosens

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:82-heat-and-temperature:t3:o4:1
# text = The metal lid expands and loosens
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	expands	expand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	loosens	loosen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | present | the metal lid |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **loosen** | present | the metal lid *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Heat and temperature: how things warm…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/82-heat-and-temperature/t2/)
- next →: [Heat and temperature: how things warm…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/82-heat-and-temperature/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/82-heat-and-temperature/)