---
title: It is given that a car stops suddenly. Identify the principal reason… — Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a car stops suddenly. Identify the principal reason for which seat belts are required. Exam question 2 of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 2 · Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a car stops suddenly. Identify the principal reason for which seat belts are required.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** car, you · **What happens:** give, stop, identify, require · **To what, where:** It, principal reason, seat belts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a car stops suddenly.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:1
# text = It is given that a car stops suddenly.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | present | a car |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Identify the principal reason for which seat belts are required.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:2
# text = Identify the principal reason for which seat belts are required.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	8	det	_	_
7	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **require** | present · passive |  | which seat belts |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The friction of the seat ceases entirely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:o1:1
# text = The friction of the seat ceases entirely
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | the friction of the seat |  |  |  |  | entirely *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body is pushed backwards into the seat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:o2:1
# text = The body is pushed backwards into the seat
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | present · passive |  | the body |  | the seat |  | backwards *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme into seat=Destination |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body keeps moving forwards and must be held

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:o3:1
# text = The body keeps moving forwards and must be held
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	forwards	forward	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | the body |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | gerund | the body *not said here* | forwards |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent forward=Theme |
| 3 | **hold** | must · passive | the body *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V» |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gravity becomes stronger at the moment of stopping

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:e2:o4:1
# text = Gravity becomes stronger at the moment of stopping
1	Gravity	gravity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	stopping	stopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | Gravity |  |  |  | moment | strong *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/e1/)
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