---
title: Leo says a moving thing just stops by itself if nothing pushes it. t… — Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo says a moving thing just stops by itself if nothing pushes it. true? Test 12 · ★ of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 12 · ★ · Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo says a moving thing just stops by itself if nothing pushes it. true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Leo, moving thing, nothing · **What happens:** say, move, stop, push · **To what, where:** thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t12:1
# text = Leo says a moving thing just stops by itself if nothing pushes it. true?
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obl	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	nsubj	_	_
12	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
15	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Leo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stop** | present | a moving thing |  |  |  |  | by thing | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **push** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | nothing | thing |  |  |  | true *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, all moving things slow down on their own

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t12:o1:1
# text = Yes, all moving things slow down on their own
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	slow	slow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **slow down** | present | all moving things |  |  | things's own |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only heavy things stop by themselves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t12:o2:1
# text = Yes, but only heavy things stop by themselves
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | heavy things |  |  |  |  | by things *= thing* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, a moving thing never stops at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t12:o3:1
# text = No, a moving thing never stops at all
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **stop** | present | a moving thing |  |  | all |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it keeps moving until a force such as friction stops it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t12:o4:1
# text = No, it keeps moving until a force such as friction stops it
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stop** | present | a force such friction | friction |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/t11/)
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