--- title: Ancient builders moved huge stones by rolling them on logs. Why did… — Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels · tree and pragmatics description: Ancient builders moved huge stones by rolling them on logs. Why did this help? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/t3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/) / t3 # Test 3 · ★ · Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels Ancient builders moved huge stones by rolling them on logs. Why did this help? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Ancient builders · **What happens:** move, roll, do · **To what, where:** huge stones, stones, logs, help This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/#t3). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* Ancient builders moved huge stones by rolling them on logs. ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:1 # text = Ancient builders moved huge stones by rolling them on logs. 1 Ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 builders builder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 moved move VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 7 rolling roll VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 8 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 logs log NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **move** | past | Ancient builders | huge stones | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | | 2 | **roll** | gerund | Ancient builders *not said here* | stones *= stone* | | logs | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent they=Theme on log=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* Why did this help? ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:2 # text = Why did this help? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 0 root _ _ 2 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl _ _ 3 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ _ 4 help help NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ? ? PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | | this help | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Eventuality | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Rolling makes less friction than dragging ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:o1:1 # text = Rolling makes less friction than dragging 1 Rolling roll VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 nsubj _ _ 2 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 amod _ _ 4 friction friction NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 than than SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 6 dragging drag VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **roll** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **make** | present | | less friction | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset friction=Product | | 3 | **drag** | gerund | | | | | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} The logs pushed the stones uphill ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:o2:1 # text = The logs pushed the stones uphill 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 logs log NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 pushed push VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 uphill uphill ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **push** | past | the logs | the stones | | | | uphill *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} The logs pulled the stones forwards ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:o3:1 # text = The logs pulled the stones forwards 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 logs log NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 pulled pull VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 forwards forwards ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pull** | past | the logs | the stones | | | | forwards *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} The logs made the stones lighter ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels:t3:o4:1 # text = The logs made the stones lighter 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 logs log NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 lighter light ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 3 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | the logs | the stones | | | | light *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset stone=Product | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/t2/) - next →: [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/t4/) - ↑ back to [Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/)