---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Building strong things: bridges, tower… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the forces designated compression and tension? Exam question 1 of lesson 86 «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and o
---

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# Exam question 1 · Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the forces designated compression and tension?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** forces · **What happens:** follow, characteris, designate · **To what, where:** compression

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 86 «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/86-building-strong-things/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:86-building-strong-things:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the forces designated compression and tension?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	designated	designate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
12	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	tension	tension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **designate** | past | the forces | compression and tension |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compression=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both forces squash an object

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:86-building-strong-things:e1:o1:1
# text = Both forces squash an object
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	squash	squash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | present | both forces | a object |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent object=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compression squashes, whereas tension stretches

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:86-building-strong-things:e1:o2:1
# text = Compression squashes, whereas tension stretches
1	Compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	squashes	squash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	tension	tension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	stretches	stretch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | present | Compression |  |  |  |  | whereas tension stretches | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compression stretches, whereas tension squashes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:86-building-strong-things:e1:o3:1
# text = Compression stretches, whereas tension squashes
1	Compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	stretches	stretch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	whereas	whereas	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	5	det	_	_
5	tension	tension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	squashes	squash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | present | whereas tension |  |  |  |  |  | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both forces stretch an object

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:86-building-strong-things:e1:o4:1
# text = Both forces stretch an object
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stretch	stretch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch** | present | both forces | a object |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent object=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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