---
title: A family wants to make less rubbish. Which change helps most? — Recycling, waste and plastic · tree and pragmatics
description: A family wants to make less rubbish. Which change helps most? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 88 «Recycling, waste and plastic» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/t3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Recycling, waste and plastic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/) / t3

# Test 3 · ★ · Recycling, waste and plastic

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A family wants to make less rubbish. Which change helps most?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** family, change · **What happens:** want, make, help · **To what, where:** less rubbish

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 88 «Recycling, waste and plastic» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A family wants to make less rubbish.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:1
# text = A family wants to make less rubbish.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | a family |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a family *not said here* | less rubbish |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rubbish=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which change helps most?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:2
# text = Which change helps most?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | which change |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Buying fewer things in plastic packaging

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:o1:1
# text = Buying fewer things in plastic packaging
1	Buying	buy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	packaging	packaging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | gerund |  | fewer things |  | plastic packaging |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throwing their rubbish into the river

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:o2:1
# text = Throwing their rubbish into the river
1	Throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | gerund |  | their rubbish |  |  |  | into the river *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer rubbish=Theme into river=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Burning their rubbish in the garden

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:o3:1
# text = Burning their rubbish in the garden
1	Burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | gerund |  | their rubbish |  | the garden |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Putting all their rubbish in one big bag

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:88-recycling-waste-plastic:t3:o4:1
# text = Putting all their rubbish in one big bag
1	Putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | gerund |  | their rubbish |  | one big bag |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme in bag=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Recycling, waste and plastic, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/t2/)
- next →: [Recycling, waste and plastic, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Recycling, waste and plastic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/)