--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fa… — Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse… · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fair test? Exam question 1 of lesson 91 «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/91-being-a-scientist/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/91-being-a-scientist/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fair test? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** fair test This is exam question 1 of lesson 91 «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/91-being-a-scientist/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:e1:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fair test? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 fair fair ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | a fair test | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} The result is decided before the test ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:e1:o1:1 # text = The result is decided before the test 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 decided decide VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 before before ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **decide** | present · passive | | the result | | | before the test | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2} Only one thing is changed and everything else is kept the same ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:e1:o2:1 # text = Only one thing is changed and everything else is kept the same 1 Only only ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 nummod _ _ 3 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 changed change VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 everything everything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 else else ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present · passive | | one thing | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **keep** | present · passive | | everything | | | | same *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Every condition is changed at the same time ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:e1:o3:1 # text = Every condition is changed at the same time 1 Every every DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 condition condition NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 changed change VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present · passive | | every condition | | | time | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Nothing whatsoever is changed ```conllu # sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:e1:o4:1 # text = Nothing whatsoever is changed 1 Nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 0 root _ _ 2 whatsoever whatsoever PRON WP PronType=Rel 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 changed change VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl:relcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present · passive | | whatsoever | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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