---
title: Lily tests two paper planes, but one is bigger and she throws it har… — Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse… · tree and pragmatics
description: Lily tests two paper planes, but one is bigger and she throws it harder. Why is this not a fair test? Test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 91 «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Test 1 · ★★★ · Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lily tests two paper planes, but one is bigger and she throws it harder. Why is this not a fair test?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Lily, one, this · **What happens:** test, be, throw, not be · **To what, where:** two paper planes, it, fair test

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 91 «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/91-being-a-scientist/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lily tests two paper planes, but one is bigger and she throws it harder.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:1
# text = Lily tests two paper planes, but one is bigger and she throws it harder.
1	Lily	Lily	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tests	test	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	throws	throw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | present | Lily | two paper planes |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | one |  |  |  |  | big *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **throw** | present | Lily | it |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why is this not a fair test?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:2
# text = Why is this not a fair test?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | this | a fair test |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paper planes cannot be tested

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:o1:1
# text = Paper planes cannot be tested
1	Paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	tested	test	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **test** | can · passive |  | Paper planes |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She should have used three planes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:o2:1
# text = She should have used three planes
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | should · perfect | She | three planes |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two things were changed, so she cannot tell which one mattered

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:o3:1
# text = Two things were changed, so she cannot tell which one mattered
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	12	det	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	mattered	matter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past · passive |  | Two things |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | can | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **matter** | past | which one |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She threw them on the same day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:91-being-a-scientist:t1:o4:1
# text = She threw them on the same day
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | She | them *= they* |  |  | day |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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