---
title: Why is smoking especially bad for a runner? — Lungs, air and keeping fit · tree and pragmatics
description: Why is smoking especially bad for a runner? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 93 «Lungs, air and keeping fit» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/t9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/) / [Lungs, air and keeping fit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/) / t9

# Test 9 · ★ · Lungs, air and keeping fit

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why is smoking especially bad for a runner?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** smoke

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 93 «Lungs, air and keeping fit» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:93-lungs-air-keeping-fit:t9:1
# text = Why is smoking especially bad for a runner?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	smoking	smoke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smoke** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It stops the heart from beating faster

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:93-lungs-air-keeping-fit:t9:o1:1
# text = It stops the heart from beating faster
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	beating	beat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | It | the heart |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality heart=Eventuality |
| 2 | **beat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It gives the lungs too much oxygen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:93-lungs-air-keeping-fit:t9:o2:1
# text = It gives the lungs too much oxygen
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | It | the lungs |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent lung=Recipient oxygen=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It makes the legs too heavy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:93-lungs-air-keeping-fit:t9:o3:1
# text = It makes the legs too heavy
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | It | the legs |  |  |  | heavy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material leg=Product |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It damages the lungs so less oxygen reaches the muscles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:93-lungs-air-keeping-fit:t9:o4:1
# text = It damages the lungs so less oxygen reaches the muscles
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	damages	damage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	reaches	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | present | It | the lungs |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument lung=Patient |
| 2 | **reach** | present | less oxygen | the muscles |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent muscle=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Lungs, air and keeping fit, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/t8/)
- next →: [Lungs, air and keeping fit, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/t10/)
- ↑ back to [Lungs, air and keeping fit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/)