---
title: why's Christmas hot in Australia — Festivals, holidays and traditions in… · tree and pragmatics
description: why's Christmas hot in Australia Test 11 of lesson 97 «Festivals, holidays and traditions in the English-speaking world» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · Festivals, holidays and traditions in the English-speaking…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
why's Christmas hot in Australia

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Christmas · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** Australia

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 97 «Festivals, holidays and traditions in the English-speaking world» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/97-festivals-holidays-traditions/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:97-festivals-holidays-traditions:t11:1
# text = why's Christmas hot in Australia
1	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Christmas |  |  | Australia |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Southern Hemisphere Christmas falls in summer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:97-festivals-holidays-traditions:t11:o1:1
# text = In the Southern Hemisphere Christmas falls in summer
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Southern	Southern	PROPN	NNP	_	4	compound	_	_
4	Hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | Christmas |  |  | the Southern Hemisphere | summer |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in hemisphere=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia is much closer to the Sun in December, so it's hot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:97-festivals-holidays-traditions:t11:o2:1
# text = Australia is much closer to the Sun in December, so it's hot
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	much	much	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Australia |  |  |  |  | to the Sun in December; close *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Sun |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia moves Christmas to the summer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:97-festivals-holidays-traditions:t11:o3:1
# text = Australia moves Christmas to the summer
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | Australia | Christmas |  |  | summer |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent christmas=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is only hot in the north of Australia

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:97-festivals-holidays-traditions:t11:o4:1
# text = It is only hot in the north of Australia
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | the north of Australia |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Festivals, holidays and traditions in…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/97-festivals-holidays-traditions/t10/)
- next →: [Festivals, holidays and traditions in…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/97-festivals-holidays-traditions/t12/)
- ↑ back to [Festivals, holidays and traditions in the English-speaking world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/97-festivals-holidays-traditions/)