---
title: A farmer must send 20 tonnes of grain to another continent and is in… — Transport: from horses to planes · tree and pragmatics
description: A farmer must send 20 tonnes of grain to another continent and is in no hurry. Which transport is best? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 99 «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Transport: from horses to planes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A farmer must send 20 tonnes of grain to another continent and is in no hurry. Which transport is best?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** farmer, transport · **What happens:** send, be · **To what, where:** 20 tonnes, continent, hurry

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 99 «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A farmer must send 20 tonnes of grain to another continent and is in no hurry.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:1
# text = A farmer must send 20 tonnes of grain to another continent and is in no hurry.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	tonnes	tonne	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	continent	continent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
16	hurry	hurry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | must | a farmer | 20 tonnes of grain |  | another continent and no hurry |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tonne=Theme to continent=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present | a farmer *not said here* |  |  | no hurry |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which transport is best?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:2
# text = Which transport is best?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | which transport |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horse and cart across the ocean

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:o1:1
# text = A horse and cart across the ocean
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bicycle with a large basket

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:o2:1
# text = A bicycle with a large basket
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bicycle	bicycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ship, because it is cheap for heavy loads

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:o3:1
# text = A ship, because it is cheap for heavy loads
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	cheap	cheap	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | ship | a ship *not said here* |  |  |  | for heavy loads; cheap *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plane, because it is always the cheapest

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t1:o4:1
# text = A plane, because it is always the cheapest
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cheapest	cheap	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a plane because it |  |  |  |  | always, cheap *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Explorers and how the world was mapped, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/98-explorers-mapping-the-world/e4/)
- next →: [Transport: from horses to planes, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Transport: from horses to planes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/)