---
title: Before trains, a trip from London to Edinburgh took days by horse-dr… — Transport: from horses to planes · tree and pragmatics
description: Before trains, a trip from London to Edinburgh took days by horse-drawn coach. What did railways change most? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 99 «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · Transport: from horses to planes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before trains, a trip from London to Edinburgh took days by horse-drawn coach. What did railways change most?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** trip, railways · **What happens:** take, draw, change · **To what, where:** trains, most

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 99 «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Before trains, a trip from London to Edinburgh took days by horse-drawn coach.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:1
# text = Before trains, a trip from London to Edinburgh took days by horse-drawn coach.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Edinburgh	Edinburgh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | a trip from London to Edinburgh |  |  | trains | day | by drawn coach | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent before train=Destination |
| 2 | **draw** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What did railways change most?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:2
# text = What did railways change most?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	railways	railway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past · do-support | railways | most |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People stopped travelling between cities

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:o1:1
# text = People stopped travelling between cities
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | People |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **travel** | gerund | People *not said here* |  |  | cities |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between city=Trajectory |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Horses were no longer used anywhere at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:o2:1
# text = Horses were no longer used anywhere at all
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
3	no	no	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	advmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past · passive |  | Horses |  | all |  | anywhere, long *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two cities moved closer together

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:o3:1
# text = The two cities moved closer together
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	closer	close	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | the two cities |  |  |  |  | close, together *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Long journeys became much faster and cheaper

```conllu
# sent_id = question:world:99-transport-horses-to-planes:t8:o4:1
# text = Long journeys became much faster and cheaper
1	Long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	journeys	journey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Long journeys |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Transport: from horses to planes, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/t7/)
- next →: [Transport: from horses to planes, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/t9/)
- ↑ back to [Transport: from horses to planes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/99-transport-horses-to-planes/)