---
title: Alcohol is against the law to buy before 18 because growing bodies a… — Coffee, tea, wine and the pub · tree and pragmatics
description: Alcohol is against the law to buy before 18 because growing bodies and brains handle it badly. Who acts: Alcohol, growing bodies. A sentence of the lesson «Coffee, tea, wine and the pub» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Coffee, tea, wine and the pub, sentence 3

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Alcohol is against the law to buy before 18 because growing bodies and brains handle it badly.

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**Who acts:** Alcohol, growing bodies · **What happens:** be, buy, grow, handle · **To what, where:** law

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Coffee, tea, wine and the pub» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alcohol, growing bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:adult-life:027-coffee-tea-wine-and-the-pub.lesson:3
# text = Alcohol is against the law to buy before 18 because growing bodies and brains handle it badly.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = adult-life
# lesson = 027-coffee-tea-wine-and-the-pub.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	amod	_	_
12	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	brains	brain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	handle	handle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Alcohol |  |  |  |  | against the law | tree rules |
| 2 | **buy** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | before 18 |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **grow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **handle** | present | growing bodies and brains | law |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:027-coffee-tea-wine-and-the-pub.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Coffee, tea, wine and the pub, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/27-coffee-tea-wine-and-the-pub/2/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/27-coffee-tea-wine-and-the-pub/)