--- title: Fake news means made-up stories or edited pictures spread on purpose… — Bad news, protests and helping others · tree and pragmatics description: Fake news means made-up stories or edited pictures spread on purpose to fool people; some people also use the phrase for news they simply dislike. Who acts: Fake news, people. A sentence of the lesson «Bad news, protests and helping others» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/32-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/) / [Bad news, protests and helping others](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/32-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others/) / 11 # Bad news, protests and helping others, sentence 11 Fake news means made-up stories or edited pictures spread on purpose to fool people; some people also use the phrase for news they simply dislike. **Who acts:** Fake news, people · **What happens:** mean, make up, edit, spread, fool, use · **To what, where:** made stories, edited pictures, purpose, people, phrase, news This is a sentence of the lesson «Bad news, protests and helping others» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fake news, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:adult-life:032-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others.lesson:11 # text = Fake news means made-up stories or edited pictures spread on purpose to fool people; some people also use the phrase for news they simply dislike. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = adult-life # lesson = 032-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Fake fake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ _ 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 6 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 7 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 edited edit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 amod _ _ 10 pictures picture NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 11 spread spread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 fool fool VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 advcl _ _ 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 19 det _ _ 19 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 20 also also ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 phrase phrase NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 simply simply ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 dislike dislike VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Fake news | made stories or edited pictures | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic | | 2 | **make up** | participle | | | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **edit** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **spread** | participle | | edited pictures *not said here* | | purpose | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on purpose=Location | | 5 | **fool** | to-infinitive | | people | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | | 6 | **use** | present | some people | the phrase | | | | for news | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent phrase=Theme for news=Eventuality | | 7 | **dislike** | present | people | news *not said here* | | | | simply *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:032-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bad news, protests and helping others, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/32-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others/10/) - next →: [Bad news, protests and helping others, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/32-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/32-bad-news-protests-and-helping-others/)