--- title: Learning to hear what a phrase really means helps you know when to w… — Sorry, white lies and «because I said so» · tree and pragmatics description: Learning to hear what a phrase really means helps you know when to wait, when to ask again later, and when a grown-up is telling you something that truly matters. Who acts: phrase, Learning, you, grown up. A sentence of the lesson «Sorry, white lies and «because I said so»» of the adult life course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/37-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/) / [Sorry, white lies and «because I said…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/37-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so/) / 4 # Sorry, white lies and «because I said so», sentence 4 Learning to hear what a phrase really means helps you know when to wait, when to ask again later, and when a grown-up is telling you something that truly matters. **Who acts:** phrase, Learning, you, grown up · **What happens:** learn, hear, mean, help, know, wait · **To what, where:** something, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sorry, white lies and «because I said so»» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (phrase, Learning, you, grown up), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:adult-life:037-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so.lesson:4 # text = Learning to hear what a phrase really means helps you know when to wait, when to ask again later, and when a grown-up is telling you something that truly matters. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = adult-life # lesson = 037-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Learning learn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 csubj _ _ 2 to to PART TO _ 3 mark _ _ 3 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _ 4 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 8 obj _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 phrase phrase NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 really really ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 9 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 12 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 wait wait VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 ccomp _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 18 advmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 19 again again ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advmod 20 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 18 advmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 23 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 29 advmod _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 25 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 amod _ _ 26 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 25 punct _ _ 27 up up NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 telling tell VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ _ 30 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 iobj _ _ 31 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 29 obj _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 33 truly truly ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 matters matter VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **mean** | present | a phrase | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | | 4 | **help** | present | Learning | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **know** | infinitive | you | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 6 | **wait** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | again | late *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **grow** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · progressive | a grown up | something | you | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient something=Topic | | 10 | **matter** | present | | | | | | truly *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:037-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sorry, white lies and «because I said…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/37-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so/2/) - next →: [Sorry, white lies and «because I said…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/37-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/37-sorry-white-lies-and-because-i-said-so/)