--- title: Elections, trials and weather warnings all have rules behind them: p… — Elections, crime, the weather, breaking news and… · tree and pragmatics description: Elections, trials and weather warnings all have rules behind them: people vote and can change leaders next time, a person accused is innocent until a court decides, and a warning means "be ready", not "it is certain". Who acts: Elections, people, person, court. A sentence of the lesson «Elections, c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/52-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/) / [Elections, crime, the weather, breakin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/52-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion/) / 10 # Elections, crime, the weather, breaking news and news vs opinion, sentence 10 Elections, trials and weather warnings all have rules behind them: people vote and can change leaders next time, a person accused is innocent until a court decides, and a warning means "be ready", not "it is certain". **Who acts:** Elections, people, person, court, warning · **What happens:** have, vote, change, accuse, be, decide · **To what, where:** rules, leaders, person · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Elections, crime, the weather, breaking news and news vs opinion» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elections, people, person, court), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:adult-life:052-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion.lesson:10 # text = Elections, trials and weather warnings all have rules behind them: people vote and can change leaders next time, a person accused is innocent until a court decides, and a warning means "be ready", not "it is certain". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = adult-life # lesson = 052-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Elections election NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 3 trials trial NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 weather weather NOUN NN _ 6 compound _ _ 6 warnings warning NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 7 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 8 advmod _ _ 8 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 10 behind behind ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 vote vote VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 18 leaders leader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:obj 19 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 24 accused accuse VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 26 innocent innocent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ _ 27 until until SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 court court NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 30 decides decide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 parataxis _ _ 36 " " PUNCT `` _ 38 punct _ _ 37 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 38 cop _ _ 38 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 ccomp _ _ 39 " " PUNCT '' _ 38 punct _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 41 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 45 advmod _ _ 42 " " PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ _ 43 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 44 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 45 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 conj _ _ 46 " " PUNCT '' _ 45 punct _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Elections and trials and weather warnings | rules | | | | behind rules *= rule* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient | | 2 | **vote** | present | people | | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **change** | can | people *not said here* | leaders | | | time | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient | | 4 | **accuse** | participle | | a person *not said here* | | | | | vn suspect-81 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | a person | | | | | innocent *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **decide** | present | a court | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **mean** | present | a warning | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | | | ready *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | court | | | | | certain *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:052-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Elections, crime, the weather, breakin…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/52-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion/9/) - next →: [Elections, crime, the weather, breakin…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/52-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/52-elections-crime-the-weather-breaking-news-and-news-vs-opinion/)