--- title: A credit card bill shows what was spent that month; paying all of it… — Borrowing and debt · tree and pragmatics description: A credit card bill shows what was spent that month; paying all of it means no interest, paying part makes the debt grow. Who acts: card bill, paying, debt. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/) / [Borrowing and debt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/) / 12 # Borrowing and debt, sentence 12 A credit card bill shows what was spent that month; paying all of it means no interest, paying part makes the debt grow. **Who acts:** card bill, paying, debt · **What happens:** show, spend, pay, mean, make, grow · **To what, where:** all, interest, part, debt · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (card bill, paying, debt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:adult-life:008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson:12 # text = A credit card bill shows what was spent that month; paying all of it means no interest, paying part makes the debt grow. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = adult-life # lesson = 008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 credit credit NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 card card NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 bill bill NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 8 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 spent spend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 ccomp _ _ 9 that that DET DT PronType=Dem 10 det _ _ 10 month month NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 paying pay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 16 csubj _ _ 13 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 12 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:obj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Tot 14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod _ _ 16 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 17 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 18 det _ _ 18 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 paying pay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 csubj _ _ 21 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=16:conj 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 debt debt NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | a card bill | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **spend** | past · passive | | | | | month | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset | | 3 | **pay** | gerund | | all | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Asset | | 4 | **mean** | present | paying | no interest | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interest=Topic | | 5 | **pay** | gerund | | part | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Asset | | 6 | **make** | present | paying | the debt | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **grow** | infinitive | the debt *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowing and debt, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/10/) - next →: [Borrowing and debt, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/)