--- title: Lending money to friends can cause arguments, so many grown-ups only… — Borrowing and debt · tree and pragmatics description: Lending money to friends can cause arguments, so many grown-ups only lend what they could afford to lose. Who acts: Lending, many grown ups, ups. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Adult life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/) / [Borrowing and debt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/) / 22 # Borrowing and debt, sentence 22 Lending money to friends can cause arguments, so many grown-ups only lend what they could afford to lose. **Who acts:** Lending, many grown ups, ups · **What happens:** lend, cause, grow, afford, lose · **To what, where:** money, friends, arguments This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lending, many grown ups, ups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:adult-life:008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson:22 # text = Lending money to friends can cause arguments, so many grown-ups only lend what they could afford to lose. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = adult-life # lesson = 008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Lending lend VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj 2 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 3 to to ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 5 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 cause cause VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 arguments argument NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=6:punct 9 so so ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:cc|HaikuPos=CCONJ:CC:_ 10 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 11 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 12 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 13 punct _ _ 13 ups up NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 lend lend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 16 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 19 obj _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 afford afford VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 lose lose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lend** | gerund | | money | friends | | | | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent money=Theme to friend=Recipient | | 2 | **cause** | can | Lending | arguments | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition argument=Patient | | 3 | **grow** | participle | | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **lend** | infinitive | many grown ups | | | | | | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **afford** | could | ups *= up* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **lose** | to-infinitive | ups *= up* *not said here* | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:008-borrowing-and-debt.lesson:22`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowing and debt, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/21/) - next →: [When money is tight, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/9-when-money-is-tight/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/)