---
title: A sale lowers prices; a bargain is only a bargain if you would have… — When money is tight · tree and pragmatics
description: A sale lowers prices; a bargain is only a bargain if you would have bought the thing anyway. Who acts: sale, bargain, you. A sentence of the lesson «When money is tight» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# When money is tight, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sale lowers prices; a bargain is only a bargain if you would have bought the thing anyway.

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**Who acts:** sale, bargain, you · **What happens:** lower, be, buy · **To what, where:** prices, bargain, thing

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This is a sentence of the lesson «When money is tight» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sale, bargain, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:adult-life:009-when-money-is-tight.lesson:13
# text = A sale lowers prices; a bargain is only a bargain if you would have bought the thing anyway.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = adult-life
# lesson = 009-when-money-is-tight.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lowers	lower	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bargain	bargain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bargain	bargain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
12	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux	_	_
16	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	anyway	anyway	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lower** | present | a sale | prices |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent price=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a bargain | a bargain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **buy** *a condition, not said to happen* | would · perfect | you | the thing |  |  |  | anyway *property* | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:adult-life:009-when-money-is-tight.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [When money is tight, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/9-when-money-is-tight/12/)
- next →: [When money is tight, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/9-when-money-is-tight/14/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/9-when-money-is-tight/)