---
title: Self-driving vehicles are being tested, and their safety must be pro… — The future: hopes · tree and pragmatics
description: Self-driving vehicles are being tested, and their safety must be proven before they are used everywhere. A sentence of the lesson «The future: hopes» of the ai course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The future: hopes, sentence 14

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Self-driving vehicles are being tested, and their safety must be proven before they are used everywhere.

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**What happens:** drive, test, prove, use · **To what, where:** driving vehicles, safety, vehicles

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The future: hopes» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:ai:024-future-hopes.lesson:14
# text = Self-driving vehicles are being tested, and their safety must be proven before they are used everywhere.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = ai
# lesson = 024-future-hopes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1
1	Self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	_
3	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	tested	test	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
15	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	advcl	_	_
19	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	18	advmod	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **test** | present · passive |  | driving vehicles |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **prove** | must · passive |  | vehicles's safety |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | present · passive |  | vehicles *= vehicle* |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ai:024-future-hopes.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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