--- title: A truth-teller never says "I am a liar" and a liar never says it eit… — Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: A truth-teller never says "I am a liar" and a liar never says it either, because for the liar it would be true. Who acts: truth teller, liar. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★» of the ai course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [AI](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/) / [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/) / 13 # Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★, sentence 13 A truth-teller never says "I am a liar" and a liar never says it either, because for the liar it would be true. **Who acts:** truth teller, liar · **What happens:** not say, be · **To what, where:** liar, teller · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky messages ★★★» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth teller, liar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:ai:032-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages.lesson:13 # text = A truth-teller never says "I am a liar" and a liar never says it either, because for the liar it would be true. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = ai # lesson = 032-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ _ 4 teller teller NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 6 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 8 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 9 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 ccomp _ _ 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 16 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 17 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 either either ADV RB PronType=Ind 17 advmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 21 because because SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 22 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 26 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 28 cop _ _ 28 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 advcl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | present | a truth teller | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | a truth teller *= teller* | a liar | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | present | a liar | teller | | | | either *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 4 | **is** | would | liar | | | | | for the liar; true *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ai:032-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/12/) - next →: [Olympiad: claims, clues and tricky mes…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/32-olympiad-claims-clues-and-tricky-messages/)