---
title: Notes sit both on the lines and in the spaces between them; a clef a… — Reading music: notes, beats and rhythm · tree and pragmatics
description: Notes sit both on the lines and in the spaces between them; a clef at the start tells you which line is which note, and silly sayings like FACE for the spaces help you learn them until you just know. Who acts: Notes, clef, line, silly sayings. A sentence of the lesson «Reading music: notes, beats an
---

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# Reading music: notes, beats and rhythm, sentence 1

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Notes sit both on the lines and in the spaces between them; a clef at the start tells you which line is which note, and silly sayings like FACE for the spaces help you learn them until you just know.

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**Who acts:** Notes, clef, line, silly sayings, you · **What happens:** sit, tell, be, help, learn, know · **To what, where:** lines, you, note, notes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Reading music: notes, beats and rhythm» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Notes, clef, line, silly sayings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:arts:002-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm.lesson:1
# text = Notes sit both on the lines and in the spaces between them; a clef at the start tells you which line is which note, and silly sayings like FACE for the spaces help you learn them until you just know.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = arts
# lesson = 002-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sit	sit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	both	both	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	spaces	space	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	clef	clef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	iobj	_	_
21	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	22	det	_	_
22	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	25	det	_	_
25	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	ccomp	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	sayings	saying	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	_
30	like	like	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	FACE	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	spaces	space	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
35	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
36	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	xcomp	_	_
38	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
40	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
41	just	just	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	advcl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=37:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | Notes |  |  | the lines and the spaces between lines |  | both *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on line=Location |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | a clef at the start |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | which line | which note |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **help** | present | silly sayings like FACE for the spaces |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **learn** | infinitive | you | notes *= note* |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic |
| 6 | **know** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:arts:002-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Reading music: notes, beats and rhythm, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/2-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm/0/)
- next →: [Reading music: notes, beats and rhythm, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/2-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm/2/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/2-reading-music-notes-beats-and-rhythm/)