---
title: Before digital cameras, photos were taken on film that had to be dev… — Photography and phone cameras · tree and pragmatics
description: Before digital cameras, photos were taken on film that had to be developed with chemicals in a dark room, and a roll often had only 24 or 36 pictures, so people took fewer, more careful shots, which many photographers say teaches you a lot. Who acts: film, roll, people, many photographers. A sentenc
---

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# Photography and phone cameras, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before digital cameras, photos were taken on film that had to be developed with chemicals in a dark room, and a roll often had only 24 or 36 pictures, so people took fewer, more careful shots, which many photographers say teaches you a lot.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** film, roll, people, many photographers · **What happens:** take, have, develop, say, teach · **To what, where:** photos, film, dark room, 24 pictures, fewer careful shots, lot · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Photography and phone cameras» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (film, roll, people, many photographers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:arts:020-photography-and-phone-cameras.lesson:8
# text = Before digital cameras, photos were taken on film that had to be developed with chemicals in a dark room, and a roll often had only 24 or 36 pictures, so people took fewer, more careful shots, which many photographers say teaches you a lot.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = arts
# lesson = 020-photography-and-phone-cameras.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	digital	digital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cameras	camera	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	photos	photo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	developed	develop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	xcomp	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	often	often	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
27	only	only	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	36	36	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	conj	_	_
31	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
34	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	_
35	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
36	fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	40	amod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
38	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	39	advmod	_	_
39	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	shots	shot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	45	obj	_	_
43	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	photographers	photographer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nsubj	_	_
45	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	acl:relcl	_	_
46	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	ccomp	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:conj
47	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	46	iobj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=46:obj
48	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past · passive |  | photos |  | film | before digital cameras |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme before camera=Destination |
| 2 | **have** | past | film |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **develop** | to-infinitive · passive | film *not said here* |  |  | a dark room |  | with chemicals | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: in room=Location |
| 4 | **have** | past | a roll | 24 pictures |  |  |  | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Patient |
| 5 | **take** | past | people | fewer careful shots |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shot=Theme |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | many photographers | fewer careful shots |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **teach** *speech: other* | present |  | a lot | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient lot=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:arts:020-photography-and-phone-cameras.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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