---
title: Nerves make breath short and the voice shaky, even in good singers;… — Singing, choirs and talent shows · tree and pragmatics
description: Nerves make breath short and the voice shaky, even in good singers; slow breathing before singing helps calm the voice. Who acts: Nerves, slow breathing. A sentence of the lesson «Singing, choirs and talent shows» of the arts course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Singing, choirs and talent shows, sentence 5

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nerves make breath short and the voice shaky, even in good singers; slow breathing before singing helps calm the voice.

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**Who acts:** Nerves, slow breathing · **What happens:** make, sing, help, calm · **To what, where:** breath, good singers, voice

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Singing, choirs and talent shows» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nerves, slow breathing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:arts:008-singing-choirs-and-talent-shows.lesson:5
# text = Nerves make breath short and the voice shaky, even in good singers; slow breathing before singing helps calm the voice.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = arts
# lesson = 008-singing-choirs-and-talent-shows.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Nerves	nerve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shaky	shaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	singers	singer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	breathing	breathing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	nmod	_	_
19	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
20	calm	calm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Nerves | breath |  | good singers |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset breath=Product |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **help** | present | slow breathing |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **calm** | infinitive | slow breathing *not said here* | the voice |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus voice=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:arts:008-singing-choirs-and-talent-shows.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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