--- title: The violin, viola, cello and double bass are all string instruments… — Instrument families: strings, wind, brass, percu… · tree and pragmatics description: The violin, viola, cello and double bass are all string instruments played with a bow or plucked; bigger ones play lower notes, and the cello and double bass are so big that they stand on the floor instead of resting under the chin like a violin. Who acts: violin, bigger ones, cello. A sentence of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/9-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Arts](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/) / [Instrument families: strings, wind, br…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/9-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys/) / 9 # Instrument families: strings, wind, brass, percussion, keys, sentence 9 The violin, viola, cello and double bass are all string instruments played with a bow or plucked; bigger ones play lower notes, and the cello and double bass are so big that they stand on the floor instead of resting under the chin like a violin. **Who acts:** violin, bigger ones, cello · **What happens:** be, play, pluck, stand, rest · **To what, where:** string instruments, lower notes, floor, chin This is a sentence of the lesson «Instrument families: strings, wind, brass, percussion, keys» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (violin, bigger ones, cello), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:arts:009-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys.lesson:9 # text = The violin, viola, cello and double bass are all string instruments played with a bow or plucked; bigger ones play lower notes, and the cello and double bass are so big that they stand on the floor instead of resting under the chin like a violin. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = arts # lesson = 009-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 violin violin NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 viola viola NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 cello cello NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 double double ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 bass bass NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=6:conj 10 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 11 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 13 det _ _ 12 string string NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 instruments instrument NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 14 played play VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 acl _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 bow bow NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 plucked pluck VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 22 amod _ _ 22 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 play play VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:conj 24 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 25 amod _ _ 25 notes note NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=23:punct 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 cello cello NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 double double ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 bass bass NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 33 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 34 so so ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=23:conj 36 that that SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 37 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 stand stand VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 advcl _ _ 39 on on ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 42 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=SCONJ 44 mark _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 42 fixed _ _ 44 resting rest VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 38 advcl _ _ 45 under under ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 chin chin NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 48 like like ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 violin violin NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=47:nmod 51 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the violin and viola and cello and double bass | all string instruments | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **play** | participle | | all string instruments *not said here* | | | | with a bow | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with bow=Theme | | 3 | **pluck** | participle | | | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **play** | present | bigger ones | lower notes | | | | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | the cello and double bass | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **stand** | present | violin | | | the floor | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location | | 7 | **rest** | gerund | violin *not said here* | | | the chin | | like a violin | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under chin=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:arts:009-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×2, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Instrument families: strings, wind, br…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/9-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys/8/) - next →: [Instrument families: strings, wind, br…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/9-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/9-instrument-families-strings-wind-brass-percussion-keys/)