--- title: A frog needs two habitats: its tadpoles live in water and breathe wi… — What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitti… · tree and pragmatics description: A frog needs two habitats: its tadpoles live in water and breathe with gills, while adult frogs hunt insects on damp land, so losing ponds means losing frogs. Who acts: frog, tadpoles, adult frogs, losing. A sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biolog --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/) / 16 # What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in, sentence 16 A frog needs two habitats: its tadpoles live in water and breathe with gills, while adult frogs hunt insects on damp land, so losing ponds means losing frogs. **Who acts:** frog, tadpoles, adult frogs, losing · **What happens:** need, live, breathe, hunt, lose, mean · **To what, where:** two habitats, water, insects, damp land, ponds, frogs · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frog, tadpoles, adult frogs, losing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:16 # text = A frog needs two habitats: its tadpoles live in water and breathe with gills, while adult frogs hunt insects on damp land, so losing ponds means losing frogs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 habitats habitat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 7 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 tadpoles tadpole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 breathe breathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=9:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 14 with with ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 17 while while SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 18 adult adult ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=13:conj 21 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 damp damp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:nmod 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 27 losing lose VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 csubj _ _ 28 ponds pond NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 30 losing lose VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 xcomp _ _ 31 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **need** | present | a frog | two habitats | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot habitat=Theme | | 2 | **live** | present | frog's tadpoles | | | water | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | | 3 | **breathe** | present | frog's tadpoles *not said here* | | | | | with gills | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **hunt** | present | adult frogs | insects | | damp land | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent insect=Theme on land=Location | | 5 | **lose** | gerund | | ponds | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pond=Eventuality | | 6 | **mean** | present | losing | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **lose** *not said to happen* | gerund | losing *not said here* | frogs | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frog=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/15/) - next →: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/)