--- title: Koalas eat almost only eucalyptus leaves, which are tough, low in en… — What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitti… · tree and pragmatics description: Koalas eat almost only eucalyptus leaves, which are tough, low in energy and slightly poisonous and need special gut bacteria to digest, so they rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day and depend completely on their forest. Who acts: Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, special gut bacteria. A sentence of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/) / 17 # What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in, sentence 17 Koalas eat almost only eucalyptus leaves, which are tough, low in energy and slightly poisonous and need special gut bacteria to digest, so they rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day and depend completely on their forest. **Who acts:** Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, special gut bacteria · **What happens:** eat, be, need, digest, rest up, sleep · **To what, where:** eucalyptus leaves, energy, special gut bacteria This is a sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, special gut bacteria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:17 # text = Koalas eat almost only eucalyptus leaves, which are tough, low in energy and slightly poisonous and need special gut bacteria to digest, so they rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day and depend completely on their forest. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3 1 Koalas koala NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 almost almost ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:advmod 4 only only ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 5 eucalyptus eucalyptus NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 tough tough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 acl:relcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 low low ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 slightly slightly ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 poisonous poisonous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=12:conj 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 20 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 21 gut gut NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 bacteria bacteria NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 digest digest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:acl 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 rest rest VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 31 up up ADP RP _ 28 compound:prt _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 about about ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod:unmarked _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 depend depend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 40 completely completely ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | Koalas | eucalyptus leaves | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 2 | **is** | present | eucalyptus leaves | | | | | tough *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | eucalyptus leaves *not said here* | | | energy | | | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | eucalyptus leaves *not said here* | | | | | slightly *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **need** | present | Koalas *not said here* | special gut bacteria | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **digest** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | special gut bacteria *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **rest up** | present | Koalas *= koala* | | | | hour | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **sleep** | present | Koalas *= koala* *not said here* | | | | | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **depend** | present | Koalas *= koala* *not said here* | | | | | on Koalas's forest; completely *property* | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on forest=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/16/) - next →: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/)