--- title: European robins once followed wild boar and deer that churned up the… — What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitti… · tree and pragmatics description: European robins once followed wild boar and deer that churned up the soil; now they follow gardeners for worms, and both males and females sing in winter to defend a feeding territory. Who acts: European robins, wild boar, robins, males. A sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelt --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/) / 7 # What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in, sentence 7 European robins once followed wild boar and deer that churned up the soil; now they follow gardeners for worms, and both males and females sing in winter to defend a feeding territory. **Who acts:** European robins, wild boar, robins, males · **What happens:** follow, churn up, sing, defend · **To what, where:** wild boar, soil, gardeners, feeding territory This is a sentence of the lesson «What a habitat is: home, food, shelter and fitting in» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European robins, wild boar, robins, males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:7 # text = European robins once followed wild boar and deer that churned up the soil; now they follow gardeners for worms, and both males and females sing in winter to defend a feeding territory. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 robins robin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 4 advmod _ _ 4 followed follow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 5 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 boar boar NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 deer deer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 9 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 10 churned churn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:acl:relcl 11 up up ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 17 advmod _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 follow follow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 18 gardeners gardener NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 worms worm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 23 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 24 det _ _ 24 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ _ 27 sing sing VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 defend defend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:acl 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 feeding feeding NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 territory territory NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=17:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | past | European robins | wild boar and deer | | | | once *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boar=Theme | | 2 | **churn up** | past | wild boar and deer | the soil | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soil=Product | | 3 | **follow** | present | robins *= robin* | gardeners | | | now | for worms | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent gardener=Theme for worm=Attribute | | 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | both males and females | | | | winter | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **defend** | to-infinitive | both males and females *not said here* | a feeding territory | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:001-what-a-habitat-is.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/6/) - next →: [What a habitat is: home, food, shelter…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/1-what-a-habitat-is/)