---
title: Fresh water is a habitat of its own: rivers rush and carry mud and s… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics
description: Fresh water is a habitat of its own: rivers rush and carry mud and stones, while ponds and lakes stand still and fill with plants, insects, frogs and fish, and each kind of water has its own crowd. Who acts: Fresh water, rivers, ponds, kind. A sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the 
---

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# Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fresh water is a habitat of its own: rivers rush and carry mud and stones, while ponds and lakes stand still and fill with plants, insects, frogs and fish, and each kind of water has its own crowd.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fresh water, rivers, ponds, kind · **What happens:** be, rush, carry, stand, fill, have · **To what, where:** habitat, mud, own crowd

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fresh water, rivers, ponds, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:0
# text = Fresh water is a habitat of its own: rivers rush and carry mud and stones, while ponds and lakes stand still and fill with plants, insects, frogs and fish, and each kind of water has its own crowd.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	habitat	habitat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nmod	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	rush	rush	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
19	ponds	pond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
22	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
23	still	still	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	fill	fill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
36	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	37	det	_	_
37	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
41	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
42	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Fresh water | a habitat |  |  |  | of water's own | tree rules |
| 2 | **rush** | present | rivers |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **carry** | present | rivers *not said here* | mud and stones |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mud=Theme |
| 4 | **stand** | present | ponds and lakes |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **fill** | present | ponds and lakes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with plants and insects and frogs and fish | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with plant=Instrument |
| 6 | **have** | present | each kind of water | water's own crowd |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crowd=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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