--- title: Beavers fell trees with their teeth and build dams to make deep pond… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics description: Beavers fell trees with their teeth and build dams to make deep ponds that protect their lodge and do not freeze to the bottom; their orange front teeth contain iron, which makes them extra hard, and never stop growing. Who acts: Beavers, deep ponds, orange front teeth, iron. A sentence of the lesso --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rivers, lakes and ponds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/) / 11 # Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 11 Beavers fell trees with their teeth and build dams to make deep ponds that protect their lodge and do not freeze to the bottom; their orange front teeth contain iron, which makes them extra hard, and never stop growing. **Who acts:** Beavers, deep ponds, orange front teeth, iron · **What happens:** fall, build, make, protect, not freeze, contain · **To what, where:** trees, dams, deep ponds, lodge, iron, ponds This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beavers, deep ponds, orange front teeth, iron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:11 # text = Beavers fell trees with their teeth and build dams to make deep ponds that protect their lodge and do not freeze to the bottom; their orange front teeth contain iron, which makes them extra hard, and never stop growing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Beavers beaver NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 build build VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 dams dam NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 advcl _ _ 12 deep deep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 ponds pond NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 14 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 protect protect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 lodge lodge NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:aux|HaikuPos=AUX:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 20 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 21 freeze freeze VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 27 orange orange ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 28 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 contain contain VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 31 iron iron NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 extra extra ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 40 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 41 advmod _ _ 41 stop stop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 42 growing grow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 41 xcomp _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fall** | past | Beavers | trees | | | | with Beavers's teeth | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tree=Result | | 2 | **build** | present | Beavers *not said here* | dams | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dam=Product | | 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | Beavers *not said here* | deep ponds | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pond=Product | | 4 | **protect** | present | deep ponds | ponds's lodge | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lodge=Beneficiary | | 5 | **not** **freeze** | present · do-support | deep ponds *not said here* | | | | | to the bottom | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **contain** | present | ponds's orange front teeth | iron | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot iron=Theme | | 7 | **make** | present | iron | ponds *= pond* | | | | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | | 8 | **not** **stop** | present | Beavers *not said here* | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 9 | **grow** | gerund | Beavers *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/10/) - next →: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/)