--- title: Winter does not kill a lake, because water is heaviest at 4 degrees:… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics description: Winter does not kill a lake, because water is heaviest at 4 degrees: the coldest water and the ice float on top like a lid, and fish swim on in the liquid water below. Who acts: Winter, water, coldest water, fish. A sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rivers, lakes and ponds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/) / 2 # Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 2 Winter does not kill a lake, because water is heaviest at 4 degrees: the coldest water and the ice float on top like a lid, and fish swim on in the liquid water below. **Who acts:** Winter, water, coldest water, fish · **What happens:** not kill, be, float, swim on · **To what, where:** lake, 4 degrees, top, liquid water This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Winter, water, coldest water, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:2 # text = Winter does not kill a lake, because water is heaviest at 4 degrees: the coldest water and the ice float on top like a lid, and fish swim on in the liquid water below. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 Winter Winter PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 9 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 11 heaviest heavy ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 4 advcl _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 4 4 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 degrees degree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 coldest cold ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 18 amod _ _ 18 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 22 float float VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 23 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 like like ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 lid lid NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:nmod 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:parataxis 32 on on ADP IN _ 31 compound:prt _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 liquid liquid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 37 below below ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:advmod 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **kill** | present · do-support | Winter | a lake | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lake=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | water | | | 4 degrees | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **float** | present | the coldest water and the ice | | | top | | like a lid | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory | | 4 | **swim on** | present | fish | | | the liquid water | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/1/) - next →: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/)