--- title: Pond skaters are insects with 6 legs; they stand on the water's surf… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics description: Pond skaters are insects with 6 legs; they stand on the water's surface, which acts like a thin stretchy skin, on long legs with water-repelling hairs, and they feel the ripples of insects falling in. Who acts: Pond skaters, insects, surface, ripples. A sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and pond --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rivers, lakes and ponds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/) / 5 # Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 5 Pond skaters are insects with 6 legs; they stand on the water's surface, which acts like a thin stretchy skin, on long legs with water-repelling hairs, and they feel the ripples of insects falling in. **Who acts:** Pond skaters, insects, surface, ripples · **What happens:** be, stand, act, repel, feel, fall in · **To what, where:** insects, surface, ripples This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pond skaters, insects, surface, ripples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:5 # text = Pond skaters are insects with 6 legs; they stand on the water's surface, which acts like a thin stretchy skin, on long legs with water-repelling hairs, and they feel the ripples of insects falling in. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Pond pond NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 skaters skater NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 6 6 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 stand stand VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 's 's PART POS _ 13 case _ _ 15 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 acts act VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 19 like like ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 21 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 stretchy stretchy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 28 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 29 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 30 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 29 punct _ _ 31 repelling repel VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 32 amod _ _ 32 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 feel feel VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 ripples ripple NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nmod _ _ 41 falling fall VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 38 acl _ _ 42 in in ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=41:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Pond skaters | insects | | | | with 6 legs | tree rules | | 2 | **stand** | present | insects *= insect* | | | the water's surface | | on long legs with repelling hairs | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on surface=Location | | 3 | **act** | present | the water's surface | | | | | like a thin stretchy skin | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent like skin=Attribute | | 4 | **repel** | gerund | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **feel** | present | insects *= insect* | the ripples of insects | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ripple=Theme | | 6 | **fall in** | gerund | the ripples of insects *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **ripple** | | insects | | | | | | nom ripple «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/4/) - next →: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/)