--- title: Dragonfly larvae live underwater for up to several years and catch i… — Rivers, lakes and ponds · tree and pragmatics description: Dragonfly larvae live underwater for up to several years and catch insects, tadpoles and small fish with a hinged jaw that shoots out, and adult dragonflies catch over 90 per cent of the insects they chase. Who acts: Dragonfly larvae, hinged jaw, adult dragonflies, dragonflies. A sentence of the les --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Rivers, lakes and ponds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/) / 9 # Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 9 Dragonfly larvae live underwater for up to several years and catch insects, tadpoles and small fish with a hinged jaw that shoots out, and adult dragonflies catch over 90 per cent of the insects they chase. **Who acts:** Dragonfly larvae, hinged jaw, adult dragonflies, dragonflies · **What happens:** live, catch, hinge, shoot out, chase · **To what, where:** insects, 90 per cent This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dragonfly larvae, hinged jaw, adult dragonflies, dragonflies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:9 # text = Dragonfly larvae live underwater for up to several years and catch insects, tadpoles and small fish with a hinged jaw that shoots out, and adult dragonflies catch over 90 per cent of the insects they chase. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 Dragonfly dragonfly NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 larvae larva NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 underwater underwater ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 6 up up ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 case _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 6 fixed _ _ 8 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 catch catch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 tadpoles tadpole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 18 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 hinged hinge VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 amod _ _ 21 jaw jaw NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 22 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj _ _ 23 shoots shoot VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 24 out out ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 adult adult ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 dragonflies dragonfly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 catch catch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 30 over over ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 90 90 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 32 per per NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 cent cent NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 37 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 chase chase VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 acl:relcl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Dragonfly larvae | | | | year | underwater *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **catch** | present | Dragonfly larvae *not said here* | insects and tadpoles and small fish with a hinged jaw | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme | | 3 | **hinge** | participle | | | | | | | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **shoot out** | present | a hinged jaw | | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **catch** | present | adult dragonflies | 90 per cent of the insects | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cent=Theme | | 6 | **chase** | present | dragonflies *= dragonfly* | the insects *not said here* | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/8/) - next →: [Rivers, lakes and ponds, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/)