--- title: Sea otters smash shellfish on a stone laid on the chest and keep a f… — Sea lions, seals and otters · tree and pragmatics description: Sea otters smash shellfish on a stone laid on the chest and keep a favourite stone in a loose skin pocket under the arm. Who acts: Sea otters. A sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sea lions, seals and otters](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/) / 12 # Sea lions, seals and otters, sentence 12 Sea otters smash shellfish on a stone laid on the chest and keep a favourite stone in a loose skin pocket under the arm. **Who acts:** Sea otters · **What happens:** smash, lay, keep · **To what, where:** shellfish, stone, chest, favourite stone, loose skin pocket This is a sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:12 # text = Sea otters smash shellfish on a stone laid on the chest and keep a favourite stone in a loose skin pocket under the arm. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 otters otter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 smash smash VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 shellfish shellfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nmod 8 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 chest chest NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 favourite favourite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 19 loose loose ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 20 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 pocket pocket NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 22 under under ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **smash** | present | Sea otters | shellfish | | a stone | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shellfish=Theme on stone=Destination | | 2 | **lay** | participle | | a stone *not said here* | | the chest | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on chest=Destination | | 3 | **keep** | present | Sea otters *not said here* | a favourite stone | | a loose skin pocket under the arm | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent stone=Theme in pocket=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sea lions, seals and otters, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/11/) - next →: [Sea lions, seals and otters, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/)